Fuel economizer, mixer, and separator for internal-combustion engines



w. s. KELLOGG.

MIXER, AND SEPARATOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19; I9!!!- FUEL EQQNOMIZER,

Patented Dec. 14,1920.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\HILLII'JIAIYJI S. KELLOGG, OF PEOBIA, ILLINOIS.

FUEL ECONOMIZER, MIXER, AND SEPARATOR FOB INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

' Specification of Letters Patent. Patented D 14 1920' Application filed August 19, 1918. Serial No. 250,590.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NILLIAM S. lxnlmoee,

citizen of the United States, residing at heater for gas charges of internal combustion engines, and to a device for heating and assisting in vaporizing'heavier fuels than gasolene, such as kerosene.

One of the objects of the invention -'is to furnish an attachment to be interposed between the carbureter and the intake mam-- fold of an internal combustion engine, provided with a tortuous passage or preferably a passage of spiral form, theconvolutions of the spiral preferably lying in a single plane for convenience in manufacture. One end of the passage is connected with the carburetor, the other with the intake manifold whereby the air and vapor drawn through the carbureter will be made to'impinge upon the walls of the spiral, resulting in a better mixture of the air and fuel with a consequent economy in the use of the latter since with such better explosive mixture from a given amount of the fuel better results are obtainable.

Another object is to provide a device of,

the nature described having a passage of the described tortuous or'spiral form including therewith a passage adjoining it for carrying a heating medium, such as exhaust gases from the combustion chamber of the engine, or a heated liquid such as the water of the radiator for heating the metal walls and thevapors drawn into such device.

further and very important objectv of the invention is the provision for separating from fuel chargesthe heavy oils and other substances carried thereby and to remove them from such structure to the end that they will not be permitted to enter the combustion chamber of the engine to p with the same;

' enlarged.

-vention in one ofits forms, preferably a' casting of two parts, e. the said body and interfere with ignition or be deposited as carbon on the walls of said chamber due to the extreme heat in the latter.

Other objects and advantages will appear from the following specification, aided by the accompanying drawing, showing two embodiments of my invention, and in which,

Figure 1 is an elevation of a part of an engine of the internal combustion type, its intake and exhaust manifolds, radiator and carbureter, and my invention in connection Flg. 2 is a plan of the device entering into my invention, showing the spiral assages, a covering-plate therefor having sen removed;

Fig.. 3 is a similar view of a simplified form of the same; and,

Fig. 4 is a cross section of the form of device shown in Fig. 2 on line 4-4 much 1 is indicative of an engine, 2 the usual radiator, 3 the exhaust manifold, 4 the intakemanifold, and 5 the carbureter.

6 indicates as a whole the body of my ina cover-plate. As shownin Fig. 2 it-comprises a rear wall-portion 7 having a series of spirally formed walls 8 cast with it spaced from one another to create aseries of three separate spiral passages 9, 10 and 11, the passage 9 at one end being carried;

through a projecting extension 12 which is attached to the usual flange 13 of the carbureter. The opposite or inner end of this passage finds an outlet through an opening 14 in the wall 7 and a stud 15, 4,'for connection with the manifold -4,'see'Fig. 4. The passages 10 and 11 lie one at each side. of the passage 9. One end of the passage 10 terminates in an opening 16 into which is connected a conduit 17 for exhaust heated gases extending from the exhaust manifold, -the opposite-end of said passage terminating in an opening 18 'with which is connected an exhaust pipe 19.

The inner end of the passage 11 terminates in an opening 20 with whichis .connected 'a' conduit 20 extending from the. upper portion of the radiator 2. The opposite end of said passage 11 terminates in an opening 21 in turn connected with a conduit 22 attached to the lower portion of the radiator, so that this passage and the ple, may

fuel entering the manifold.

conduit permit circulation of water to and from said radiator.

23 is a cover-plate for the open side of the body 6 which, with a suitable gasket 24, tightly closes the passages 9, 10 and 11.

As will be understood from Fig. 1 the passages all lie in one plane. The gas charges are drawn into the spiral passage 9, and circle through the same being drawn through the outlet 14 into the intake manifold 4. In their passage therethrough the charges must impinge upon the walls and any liquid fuel drawn. in therewith will be deposited upon said walls and rolled thereupon until it is vaporized. But any heavy liquid that has also been drawn in that will not vaporize will descendby gravity to the lowest portion on the inner wall surfaces and can be discharged from said passage into a common receptacle therefor such as 25 suspended beneath, including heavy oils and other substances which will not vaporize as does gasolene at the comparatively low temperature within the device. 26 is a pipe from which the receptacle is hung,

whose passage communicates with a passage 28 in a thickenedportion 27 of the wall 7. This passage, however, may not extend entirely through the device as shown. Lateral passages 29 connect each convolution of the passage 9 at its lowest point with the passage 28 so that every part of the said passage 9 can be thus drained. The device thus acts to separate the unvaporized fuel from that which is vaporized and todrain such unvaporized fuel and refuse into a receptacle, thereby preventing the unvaporized In cold weather the walls of the passages 9 may be heated with the exhaust from the engine by conducting a part of such exhaust through the described conduit 17 extending from the exhaust through the passage 10, or by the described conduits 20' and 22 the water in the radiator'may continuously circulate through the passage 11. By these methods or either of them the fuel may be more readily vaporized and heavier fuel such as kerosene can be used in place of the lighter more expensive one.

Since the passage 9 lies between the passages l0 and 11 its walls and the fuel ma y be heated from either or both sides.

29 indicates a valve in the conduit 17 by which the amount of heated gases from the manifold may be governed or entirely cut off.

Again, 30 and 31 indicate valves in the conduits 20 and 22 respectively for cutting off the supply of water from the radiator. Suitable means such as bolts 32. for exambe used to clamp the cover-plate 23 to the body of the device. It will be clear that my device serves several purposes. By including a long tortuous passage the whirl and swirl of the air and vapor results in more thorough mixture, producing a much stronger explosive.

It is found that by preventing the entrance of the heavy substances into the combustion chamber carbon is not formed therein. Neither are the spark plugs fouled so that ignition troubles from this source are practically unknown.

The long spiral passages through which heating medium can be carried alongside the vapor passage 9 are of great importance since the vapors may be heated to a considerable degree so as to be rendered more active as explosive mixture especially in cold weather.

In Fig. 3 I show a simplified form of the device wherein there is but the single passsage for the fuel, such passage being indicated at 33. The thickened wall portion 27 with the passage 28 and the communicating passages 29 of the other figures being indicated by the characters 34, 35 and 36 respectively.

- The device can be easily produced at small cost especially when made of cast metal and little or no machining is necessary and it can be readily attached to the carbureter. Preferably a special intake form of manifold as 4 described is furnished to replace the common type.

I may make slight changes in the form and arrangement of my invention without departing from the spirit and intent of the same. 3

Having thus described my 1. A fuel mixer and separator for inter position between tln carbureter and the intake manifold of angnternal combustion engine, embodyinga casing having a vertically arranged spiral fuel passage therein, and means to drain said passage of.all. un vaporized fuel. said draining means communicating with the lowermost point of each of the convolutions of the passage, and receiving means for said draining means to receivefiheunvaporized fuel, and to hold same from reentering the fuel passage.

2. A4 fuel mixer and separator for interposition betwe'em the carbureter and the, intake manifold of an internal combustion engine. embodying a casing'having a sub stantially spiral fuel passage therein with a peripheral inlet and an approximately central outlet. a receiving receptacle for unvaporized fuel. means to drain unvaporized fuel from the passage. at a point adjacent to the central outf t. and means to conduct unvaporized fuel from the draining means to the receiving receptacle. the receiving receptacle being formed to hold the unvaporized fuel from reentering the fuel passage.

A fuel mixer and separator for interposition between the carbureter and the in take manifold of an internal combustion engine, embodying a casing having a substantially spiral fuel passage therein with a peripheral inlet and an approximately central outlet, means to heat the walls of such passage, a receiving receptacle for un vaporized fueh means to drain unvapoi-ized tuel from the passage at a point ad a :ent to the central outlet, and means to conduct un- 10 vaporized fuel from the draining means to the receiving receptacle the receiving receptaele being formed to hold the unvaponzed fuel from l'el nte 'mg' the fuel passage.

In testunony whereof I aflix my signature m presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM S. K I 1 LLUGG.

Witnesses Roscoe t'lnuon'r, L. M. Tmumow. 

